IDP Research Programme Proposal
THE COST OF GROWING UP

What does the path to independence cost?

The costs of raising a child, public investment and the path to independence in Slovenia.
A child is not a cost. Growing up, however, carries costs. Slovenia needs to understand who bears them, for how long, and how the path to independence can become fairer.
Why Now

The Data Exist — the Connections Do Not

Slovenia holds extensive data on household expenditure, income, education, employment, transfers, health and housing. Yet these sources are not connected in a system capable of answering five key questions.

1

How much do parents spend on a child?

2

How much do the state and municipalities contribute?

3

What is the value of unpaid work performed by families?

4

How many career opportunities do parents lose?

5

How long does the path to independence take?

What We Would Measure

The Full Social Investment in a New Generation

Not merely the monthly household budget, but five categories of costs that are currently measured separately — or not at all.

Direct Costs

Food, housing, childcare, school, transport, healthcare, activities, higher education and the first rental home.

Public Investment

Parental leave, benefits, tax relief, subsidies, education, scholarships and healthcare.

Unpaid Work

Care, supervision, transport, learning support and other family work — valued through market rates and foregone income.

Opportunity Costs

Reduced working hours, interrupted careers, lower earnings and reduced pension entitlements.

Delayed Independence

Living with parents, support with renting or purchasing a home, prolonged insecurity and delayed parenthood.

The Outcome Is Not a Single Figure

A claim such as “a child costs EUR 200,000” would conceal major differences between families. The programme therefore proposes a system of scenarios.

ScenarioDescription
BasicMinimum developmentally acceptable costs
StandardThe typical living standard of a Slovenian household
ExtendedActivities, study away from home, mobility and greater housing support
Special NeedsAdditional health, developmental or care-related costs
Delayed IndependenceFinancial support until age 28, 30 or 35
Who Participates

Proposed Consortium

IDP does not seek to assume the roles of the statistical office or universities. We act as an initiator and connector — an additional bridge between existing fields of expertise. Each partner contributes within its own mandate.

Government Partner

Ministry Responsible for Demography, Family and Social Affairs

Co-design of the research question, interministerial coordination and placement within a national research programme.

Statistics

SURS

Methodology, Household Budget Survey, EU-SILC, microdata and data-source linkage.

Family

Social Protection Institute of the Republic of Slovenia

Child well-being, vulnerable families, regional differences and relevant burden indicators.

Economics

Institute for Economic Research

Reference budgets, tax-and-benefit microsimulation and fiscal effects.

Academia

University Faculties

Household economics, youth life courses, vulnerable groups, education and law.

Data

Additional Data Providers

NIJZ, FURS, ZPIZ, ZZZS, ZRSZ, the Housing Fund of the Republic of Slovenia, municipalities, social work centres and family organisations.

How It Will Work

Six Phases — From Data Mapping to a Panel Study

0
Initiative Launch
0–2 months

Team formation, concept development, institutional outreach and initial methodological meetings. → Partners’ letter of intent.

1
Data Mapping
2–5 months

For each source: institution, period, age, region, access and gaps. → A Slovenian data map.

2
Initial Model-Based Estimate
4–8 months

A model-based estimate by family type, clearly presented as an estimate rather than a directly measured value.

3
Pilot Study
6–12 months

150–300 households, expenditure and time-use diaries, and interviews. The pilot establishes what can be measured reliably.

4
National Study
12–24 months

At least 2,000 households, linkage of survey and administrative data, and international comparison.

5
Family and Generational Panel
Long term

The same people followed over time — from birth to parenthood. The programme measures trajectories, not merely snapshots.

A New Perspective

Proposed Indicators

ISO

Cost of Growing Up Index

Average costs by age, region, household type, income and number of children.

IDB

Family Burden Index

The share of income, time and assets that a household devotes to children.

IPS

Path to Independence Index

Education, employment, income, housing and dependence on parents.

Gap

Independence Gap

The difference between the desired and actual age of independence — and between desired and realised family plans.

Which measures genuinely reduce the burden, shorten dependence and enable young people to realise their life plans?

The research does not reduce the value of a child to a monetary amount, blame young people or parents, or promote arguments for or against childbearing. It is designed to reveal real conditions, the distribution of costs, inequalities and opportunities for better public policy.

Completed activities

Completed Demographic Briefings

The list of completed Demographic Briefings is updated as new events take place. The first public presentation was held at Castle Festival, bringing the project's findings closer to a wider audience.

DateEventLocationFormat and reach
25 July 2026Castle Festival — first public Demographic BriefingFara, SloveniaExpert stand-up presentation before an audience of several hundred visitors
Read the news article →

Total: 1 completed Demographic Briefing.

How Collaboration Works

Three Steps towards Collaboration

1
Introductory Discussion

We present the initiative and listen to where your institution sees its potential contribution.

2
Defining the Contribution

Together, we define the role, data contribution and scope of your institution’s participation.

3
Joint Design

We align the research question, methodology and timeline.

First shared objective: A White Paper, “The Cost of Growing Up in Slovenia — Data, Gaps and a Proposal for National Measurement”, setting out what is known, what remains unknown and what Slovenia should begin to measure.

Join the Initiative

We invite institutions, researchers and partners to join the consortium. We will provide the concept note and proposed research programme.

Contact Us
Institute for Demographic Future — NEO ARK 2035 · Litija
info@demografskaprihodnost.si · demografskaprihodnost.si
EU Transparency Register: 8705364103985-08